土地利用和气候变化对嘉陵江流域水文特征的影响

	土地利用和气候变化对嘉陵江流域水文特征的影响
其他题名	Impacts of the Land Use and Climate Changes on the Hydrological Characteristics of Jialing River Basin
	王莺 1; 王劲松 2; 武明 3; 王素萍 4
	2019
发表期刊	水土保持研究
ISSN	1005-3409
卷号	26 期号:1 页码:135-142
摘要	Taking Jialing River Basin as the research area,we got a suitable model by calibrating distributed hydrological model SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool),constructed scenarios based on comprehensive consideration of variation characteristics of Land use and climate changes,and simulated the hydrological factors and discussed the hydrological response in different scenarios at basin scale.The results showed that: (1)between 1985 and 2005,the forestland area decreased,urban and rural residential land area increased; grassland and industrial land area decreased in the upper reaches and increased in the middle and lower reaches; cultivated land area increased in the upper reaches and decreased in the middle and lower reaches;The whole basin was warm and dry,and the change of water and heat conditions in the upper reaches was larger than that in the middle and lower reaches;(2)compared with the data in the period from 1976 to 1995,the joint action of land use and climate change increased surface runoff,and decreased groundwater runoff,soil water content,interflow,actual evapotranspiration and water yield;the impact of climate change on hydrological process was greater than that of land use change;forestland and grassland had obvious function of soil and water conservation,and farmland had negative contribution to soil and water conservation;the water yield under the RCP 8.5 scenario was higher than RCP 4.5 scenario;but in the long term,the climatic conditions of RCP 4.5 is superior to RCP 8.5 in reducing surface runoff and actual evapotranspiration,and increasing groundwater runoff,interflow and water yield;(3)land use and climate change had the greater impact on the surface runoff,which was more significant in the middle and lower reaches than that in the upper reaches in this basin.
其他摘要	以嘉陵江流域为研究区,通过模型校准与验证得到适宜于该流域的SWAT模型,在综合考虑土地利用和气候变化特征的基础上构建多种情景模式,模拟了不同情景下的主要水文要素。结果表明:(1)19852005年,流域林地减少,城镇和农村居民用地增加;草地和工业用地在上游减少,中下游地区增加;耕地在上游增加,中下游地区减少。流域总体呈暖干化趋势,上游地区水热条件的变化较中下游地区大。(2)与19761995年相比,土地利用和气候变化共同作用使地表径流增加,地下径流、土壤含水量、壤中流、实际蒸散发和产水量减少。其中,气候变化对流域水文过程的影响大于土地利用变化。林草地具有明显的水土保持作用,耕地在水土保持和水源涵养方面呈负贡献。RCP 8.5情景下年平均产水量较RCP 4.5情景高,但长期来看,RCP 4.5情景对降低地表径流和实际蒸散发,增加地下径流、壤中流和产水量的作用优于RCP 8.5。(3)土地利用和气候变化对流域地表径流的影响较大,对中下游的影响大于对上游的影响。
关键词	SWAT模型土地利用气候变化嘉陵江水文特征 SWAT model land use climate change Jialing River hydrological characteristics
收录类别	CSCD
语种	中文
WOS关键词	Agriculture
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology
WOS类目	AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS POLICY
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6463731
引用统计	被引频次：9[CSCD] [CSCD记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
专题	任务一_子任务一循证社会科学证据集成任务一
作者单位	1.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所;;兰州大学大气科学学院, 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室;;中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室;;, 兰州;;兰州, ;; 730020;;730000 2.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所, 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室;;中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730020, 中国 3.兰州工业学院材料工程学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730050, 中国 4.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所, 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室;;中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730020, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王莺,王劲松,武明,等. 土地利用和气候变化对嘉陵江流域水文特征的影响[J]. 水土保持研究,2019,26(1):135-142.
APA	王莺,王劲松,武明,&王素萍.(2019).土地利用和气候变化对嘉陵江流域水文特征的影响.水土保持研究,26(1),135-142.
MLA	王莺,et al."土地利用和气候变化对嘉陵江流域水文特征的影响".水土保持研究 26.1(2019):135-142.